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How to Handle Aggressive Cat Behavior
After litter box issues, aggressive cat behavior is the second most common reason cats end up in shelters or re-homed.
If you are dealing with an aggressive cat that attacks people or other cats, don’t take it personally. Unprovoked aggressive cat behavior doesn’t mean you have a “bad cat”—it means there’s a problem that needs to be corrected.
“Sometimes cats can lash out because they’re uncomfortable, so it’s wise to make sure a medical issue isn’t causing your cat’s aggression,” said Pam Johnson-Bennett, in a Readers Digest article about cat bullying.
The following should help you figure out what’s going on—and learn how to help your cat calm down.
Five Steps to help Solve Aggressive Cat Behavior
STEP 1. DIAGNOSE THE PROBLEM
You can’t help your aggressive cat unless you understand what’s going on.
Unprovoked aggressive cat behavior is a complex issue, and there are several major types of cat aggression.
TYPES OF AGGRESSION IN CATS
~TERRITORIAL AGGRESSION
Cats are territorial by nature, and may aggressively defend their territory—especially against other cats, but sometimes against people. If your cat shows other territorial behaviors, such as urine spraying or chin rubbing, or is aggressive only towards specific cats or humans, he or she may be territorial.
~FEARFUL OR DEFENSIVE AGGRESSION
Cats that feel cornered or threatened will often attack as a protective measure. A cat that adopts a defensive posture—hunched back, tail down, ears back—before an attack may be exhibiting this type of fearful of defensive aggression.
~PLAYFUL AGGRESSION
Cats, and especially kittens, use play as a way to practice and develop their hunting and fighting skills. Aggression during play is normal, but kittens must be taught early not to direct aggressive play against humans – especially children.
~REDIRECTED AGGRESSION
This is often the biggest culprit behind seemingly “unprovoked” attacks. It happens when a cat is agitated by something they can’t get to (like a stray cat outside the window) and redirects their pent-up aggression onto the nearest person or pet.
~PETTING INDUCED (OVERSTIMULATION) AGGRESSION
Many owners feel an attack is unprovoked when their cat suddenly bites them while being petted. Believe it or not, cats have a threshold for physical stimulation and if they’re ready to attack you may have reached it. A few helpful ways to know that an attack could be on the way include the following warning signs and body language: tail flicking/thrashing, skin twitching, dilated pupils, flattened ears, low growling, or stiffened legs.
step 2. VISIT THE VET
Not every cat will respond to basic behavior modification right away, so we always recommend checking with your vet first if the signs are not obvious.
A vet can rule out health problems—including pain, which can be a hidden cause of aggression.
step 3. ASSESS THE ENVIRONMENT
If nothing major medically is going on, you can also start to understand why your cat is acting aggressively by taking a look at your home environment. Noise, boredom, or too much competition for resources such as food or the litter box can all cause aggression.
Make sure you provide plenty of access to calm “escape” spots, playtime, and other resources.
step 4. MODIFY THE BEHAVIOR
Some types of aggressive cat behavior, such as play aggression, respond well to simple behavior modification techniques.
Use deterrents like clapping your hands to interrupt aggressive behavior, followed by ignoring your cat until the behavior stops. Never use physical punishment, even light taps—these can make the problem worse. Offer rewards like affection and treats when your cat is calm.
step 5. CALL IN THE EXPERTS
Some types of aggression can be difficult to address with simple behavior modification—and changing the environment to avoid territorial disputes may not be an option.
If your cat continues to be aggressive, and has a clean bill of health, a qualified cat behavior expert can help you get to the heart of the matter and outline your options, including deciding if your cat would be better off in a home with no other cats or children.
Dealing with aggressive cat behavior can be very distressing to cat parents. Be patient and persistent, and get help from the professionals if the behavior continues, and you’ll be on your way to a peaceful cat and human household.